Pitch
Dust explosions and engine knockings, people do not want any of them to happen before, but now they can be the driving force of the engine.
Description
Summary
In 1670, the Dutch physicist Huygens burned with gunpowder in the cylinder, thermal expansion to promote the piston movement, forming a modern "internal combustion engine" principle. Piston-type internal combustion engine originated in the Dutch physicist Huygens with gunpowder explosion to obtain power research, but the burning of gunpowder is difficult to control and not been successful.
In 1678 the Frenchman A. Hautefeuille, the first use of gunpowder in the cylinder of the explosive force promoted the piston work, which was the earliest prototype of the internal combustion engine.
1794, United Kingdom Person Streit proposed getting power from the burning of fuel, and for the first time put forwarded the concept of fuel and air mixing. In 1833, British Wright made a direct use of burning pressure to promote the design of the piston
The history of the engine should start from the explosion, because the safety and uncontrollable, it was abandoned. Engine detonation is a fault, endanger engine life; dust explosion is a production accident,
People have been looking for energy from H, from coal, oil, natural gas, to micro-algae, using hydrogen (H2), although the energy can be obtained after combustion, but the use of oxygen (O2) results can also get more energy.
This project presents a direct effect of the detonation effect of the combustion explosion of combustible material outside the thermal effect.
The project provides a way for low-grade waste such as straw, hull, weeds, leaves and other low-energy substances, with oxygen-enriched air, especially the whole-oxygen to produce high-power power.
Is this proposal for a practice or a project?
Project
What actions do you propose?
1. Combustion and explosion
In the early nineteen nineties, the French physicist M. Bertelo, P. Vieye, E. Maraer did the flame propagation experiment. They ignited one end of a tube filled with a combustible gas mixture and find that the flame usually travels at a rate of several centimeters to several meters per second, but in some special cases this slow combustion process can turn into a high-speed special combustion process, They call this phenomenon detonated. It was later discovered that solid and liquid explosives could explode.
People usually associate burning (ie deflagration) with detonation. The most obvious difference between detonation and burning is the difference in propagation speed. The velocity of flame propagation is in the order of 0.0001~ 10m / s, which is less than the speed of sound in the combustion material. The velocity of the detonation wave is on the order of 1000 ~ 10000m/s.Greater than the speed of sound in the material. For example, stoichiometric hydrogen and oxygen mixtures have a burning rate of 10 m / s at atmospheric pressure and a detonation rate of about 2820 m / s.
Detonation of chemical reactions in the process of high-speed release of energy. Therefore, detonation power is very large, efficient explosives per square centimeter detonation wave front power up to 1010 watts. This feature makes detonation a unique way of energy conversion.
Burning is not fully contact type, slow micro-explosion, if all the fuel and oxygen contact are comprehensive, then the world does not exist burning, they will be instantaneous completion of the explosion!.
2. Energy density
Although the energy released by the explosive charge is much lower than the energy released by the combustion of ordinary fuels, such as 1 kg of gasoline or coal and oxygen equivalent to the amount of heat released when the mixture is burned, such as the quality of TNT explosion heat of 2.4 and 2.2 Times.But the unit volume of material released by the energy meter, the situation is very different. Such as 1L nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate) or 1L TNT, respectively, corresponding to 1L gasoline-oxygen mixture combustion heat release 570 times and 379 times. Most explosives have a volumetric energy density of 130 to 600 times of the gasoline-oxygen mixture.
The energy density of the explosive is high (the energy per unit volume contains high energy), the detonation reaction is only a few tens of microseconds (~ 10-5s), one kilogram of gasoline or coal burning takes several minutes to several tens of minutes, Fuel burning thousands of times! 1kg of explosives released when the heat of the explosion ~ 106 J, only the equivalent of 1 kilowatt motor 1-hour output of energy, but the explosives explosion instantaneous power can reach ~ 106 kW! Explosive explosions reflect high-rapid power, that is high release rate of energy. Explosives is high-power energy.
3. Background technology
Dust explosion refers to the phenomenon of small flammable matter particles floating in the air, under the action of a certain ignition energy explosion phenomenon. Most of the dust explosion occur in the space of operation and transportation, which is a damaging effect on mankind, and the positive use of dust explosion has already been carried out.
Most of the technical solutions are powered by the cylinder principle. Dust explosion products are complex, mainly carbon dioxide, depending on the source of dust, plant dust may also include Ca, K, Na, Fe and other metal solid salt, in addition to the problem of carbon deposition, the metal salt of the solid Damage is great, in addition to SO2, SO3, HS and even HCl and other acid gases generated by the explosion of water vapor under the action of the cylinder wall corrosion is very large, coupled with the role of high temperature and high pressure detonation penetration will double damage to the cylinder. As a precision of the components of the cylinder is clearly not suitable for such a harsh dust explosion conditions.
4. The purpose of this project
The use of high energy density of the explosion reaction, the transformation of common cylinder. Including two systems: Explosive furnace system - used to make explosive-- CO2.CO2-Air turbine system - used to convert the energy of the explosive CO2 to electricity.
5. Explosion Gas Furnace System
Explosive gas stove includes explosive tank and runner feeding device.
Structure: Explosion gas furnace includes base, shell, gas furnace bushing is fixed, gas furnace bushing is inside the explosion tank tank explosion tank, explosion tank inside the fire, bushing and explosion tank corresponding. The flue is used as a water spray channel, the feed hole is used for the injection of the explosive composition, and the discharge hole is used for the discharge of the cooling water. Including gas, droplet gas mixtures or particulate gas mixtures. Explosive gas cylinders are ejected at the explosion station to inject high-pressure explosives CO2, and high-pressure blast gas is injected through the inner and outer channels of the bushing.
6. Workflow
Explosion gas furnace work flow:
(A) Explosive gas tank Explosive composition is detonated and blast gas is discharged;
(B) intermediate state, the outlet is closed;
(C) Explosion gas exhaust, can be sprayed with cooling water;
(D) steam discharged from the cooling water in case of heat;
(E) into the explosive composition (or with steam discharged).
Including but not limited to five processes, four stations, respectively, detonated explosive exhaust, exhaust gas, water cooling, steam emissions, spray explosion mixture, explosion. The system can be set at least three stations, the exhaust gas and water cooling can be combined into a station at the same time, after cooling the vapor discharge and spray explosive mixture into a station, the two merging process can also be separated to form 5 A rotation station.
6. CO2-Turbine System
Explosive power engine appearance, including generator, blast furnace, exhaust channels. The gas turbine impeller is subject to the impact from the explosion of the blast furnace burner, driven by the connector generator, the exhaust within the protective shell along the exhaust channel, the ash generated by the explosion through the ground channel into the ash pile.
8. Explosive gas
It may be air, preferably oxygen-enriched air, the best oxygen.
9. Explosive fuel
Dust comes from straw, fruit shell, weeds, leaves and other grinding products, wheat flour, sugar, wood chips, dyes, wood, milk powder, tea powder, tobacco powder, including coal, starch and so on. According to the different dust material, the particle size range of the powder is very large (3um ~ 100um), and the effect of the combustion gas is small, the particle size of the air is small, and the particle size of the powder can be larger.
Including upward exhaust and downward venting of the two structures. The system includes the impeller wheel carrying the blast gas jet, the impeller wheel and the connecting shaft drive the engine rotor.
Who will take these actions?
1.Start-up companies. Build a team
2.Partner with universities?We may be able to accelerate the research, development, and prototyping phases by collaborating openly with universities.
3. Energy companies: looking for green energy.
4. Waste disposal agencies: seeking to deal with higher yields of biomass waste.
Where will these actions be taken?
American,
Research and Development - the author is currently seeking initial private investors to provide funding for research and development.
In addition, specify the country or countries where these actions will be taken.
No country selected
Country 2
No country selected
Country 3
No country selected
Country 4
No country selected
Country 5
No country selected
Impact/Benefits
What impact will these actions have on greenhouse gas emissions and/or adapting to climate change?
1. The project can provide an optimal way of solar recycling, namely:
Sunlight and carbon dioxide in the air make straw, shell, weeds, leaves and other C elements by the photosynthesis;
While generating oxygen O2 elements;
These straws, hulls, weeds, leaves and other C elements and oxygen O2 produce energy and carbon dioxide by the explosion;
Its nature is also solar energy.
2.Completely Transform the Existing Thermal Power System
The existing thermal power plant will face a comprehensive elimination, transformed into high efficiency, low coal consumption, zero emissions of new power generation model. Significantly reduce the use of coal, and even transformation of existing thermal power plants, the efficient use of biomass materials.
3. Agriculture, Forestry, Waste Management
This project provides a method for low-energy waste such as straw, hull, weed, and leaves to produce high power with the aid of oxygen-enriched air or especially oxygen.
4. Transformation of existing biomass power plants,
It Can solve the biomass power generation industry is currently facing shortage of raw materials, waste of resources, low efficiency, change the whole industry depends entirely on the dilemma of government subsidies.
5.CO2 Capture
One of the biggest features of the explosion is that the fuel gas is completely sealed, unlike the boiler as open feed, high-altitude emissions, making the CO2 capture difficult to improve the cost of a corresponding increase. Not only the whole closed so that the collection is much easier, and the exhaust gas after the explosion, even after the re-use of the run-off steam turbine still have residual pressure, estimated up to 5 atmospheres, which provides the power to ensure the transport after CO2 capture. Making use of raw fuel value of the limit, as few as 100%.
6. Refining the use of fuel
Fuel particles up to micron level, far less than the pulverized coal, so people can use oxygen to improve energy efficiency.
What are other key benefits?
1. Strong Oxygen Industry
The new industry consumes hundreds of millions of tons of oxygen in the atmosphere, the estimated oxygen reserves in the atmosphere of up to 6000 trillion tons, the same power plant to consume oxygen, atmospheric oxygen resource content is almost inexhaustible, plants continue to manufacture oxygen. Therefore, the use of oxygen as the main source of human energy to replace the use of coal with sustainability.
2. Trapping Toxic Gas
Explosive power generation of the closed system is completely free of CO, eliminating the CO on environment hazards. Moreover, especially including SO2, SO3, HS, and other atmospheric gases are trapped together without additional work. Zero emissions are a major advantage of explosive power generation.
3. Change the Ethanol fuel
Ethanol fuel industry is a waste of food, in the world there are many people who can not maintain food and clothing situation, the production of food feeding machine practices have been criticized, if one of the crops as a straw through the explosion power generation has been efficient and full use, perhaps ethanol Fuel production will be curbed. Especially in the case of explosive power generation to increase the efficiency of straw power generation to higher than the case of ethanol fuel. (Reference: liquid oxygen prices; $ 100 USD / ton; straw: $ 70 USD / ton)
4. CO2 Turbine industry will be born.
Costs/Challenges
What are the proposal’s projected costs?
A. Cost reduction factors
1, explosive expansion work
2, pure oxygen heat
3, direct drive
4, water vapor expansion work
5, waste heat utilization
6, the use of residual pressure
B. Cost increasing factors
1, oxygen preparation energy consumption
2, fine powder grinding energy consumption
Timeline
1. Argument: 1 year
2. Design: 6 months
3. Development: 6 months
4. Demonstration project: 2 years
5. Promotion and application: 1 year
About the author(s)
Related Proposals
References
1.US7784435B1
2.CN2688901Y
3.CN1262747C
4.CN202325829U
5.CN1341805A
6.CN1514121A
7.CN102719261A
8.CN201310314729.1
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