OIL / WATER & ADAPTATION! by Johnnie Buttram
Pitch
Utilizing the KEYSTONE PIPELINE and abandoned railroad corridors to replenish our reservoirs and help reduce the impact of drought!
Description
Summary
. . . This proposal has no political or hidden agendas . . .
According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO),
drought kills and displaces more people than cyclones, floods, and
earthquakes . . making it the world's most destructive natural
hazard.
New information from credible climate scientists stating, "No rain
for decades: Stand by for the 'megadroughts', scientists warn".
(Reference - 1)
Simply put; The planetary circumstances surrounding heat,
drought, and massive migration shares the capacity to create
human suffering and chaos never before seen on Planet Earth.
How can we get everyone to understand that when innovation and
preservation continually draw lines in the sand, this creates the
impasse and chronic inaction that affords no solution or escape for
the millions of people on Planet Earth who will die as a result?
The sole purpose of this proposal is; How do we address the
political, economical, and humanitarian impact of local and regional
drought within the borders of AMERICA?
What actions do you propose?
To help put this proposal in perspective . . please read this simple
overview of how 'Thermodynamics' has influenced the history of
our world and how it will greatly influence the events we will face
tomorrow.
'Thermodynamics' in its most simple form occurs when heated air
rises up and spreads north and south towards the poles, where it
gradually cools and sinks down in the polar regions. Then it flows
across the surface of Planet Earth to the equator, where it heats
up again and the convective cycle is repeated.
Simply put . . HEAT is attracted to the COLD of the North and
South Poles!
__________________________________________________________
Due to unique geographical circumstances - the residual fall-out of
drought, migration, and chaos in South, Central, and North America
is headed north!
As of this writing, most of South America is showing ongoing
rainfall deficits. The water taps in Sao Paulo, Brazil, which contains
approximately 27 million residents is essentially out of water.
Headlines in Central America record that more than 500,000
families in Nicaraqua, El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala have
nothing to eat due to a record drought.
Mexico is withering under the worst drought in 71 years.
In America . . seven states California, Nevada, New Mexico,
Kansas, Arizona, Oklahoma, and Texas are rapidly running out of
water.
__________________________________________________________
According to Ecotech Water, LLC, one percent of the Earth's water
is suitable for drinking.
The national daily average per individual is 123 gallons of water
per day.
A person must consume 2 1/2 quarts from all sources, water, food,
etc. to maintain health. So that we can more easily understand the
numbers involved, we will increase this 2 1/2 quart number to
(one) gallon per person per day as being essential to maintain
health in the case of extreme drought.
The significant challenge America as well as every country on
Planet Earth needs to address is; If drought becomes entrenched,
what are the options available to help replenish local, regional,
and national reservoirs to supply essential water needs to the
masses at sustainable levels?
__________________________________________________________
America has an option that requires serious consideration.
__________________________________________________________
The 2,150 mile Keystone Pipeline System and a proposed
Keystone XL, 36 inch diameter expansion, once completed would
have the capacity to deliver 830,000 (42 gallon) barrels of crude oil
per day to refineries in Port Authur, Texas.
Since Keystone XL crosses the US - Canada border, the state
Department has to approve it first.
As of this writing, Congress has approved the Keystone XL
expansion and President Obama has exercised his option to veto.
__________________________________________________________
In a world where true international friendships are becoming few
and far between - America and Canada are committed to rise above
themselves for the betterment and inspiration of those within their
responsibility.
America and Canada have an unique opportunity to politically,
economically, and geographically strengthen their shared border
with a hybrid process.
(1) This hybrid process . . utilizes the oil delivery right-of-ways and
infrastructure of the Keystone XL Pipeline.
(2) This hybrid process also . . utilizes thousands of miles of
abandoned railroad corridors in America.
(3) This hybrid process . . combines these infrastructures and
abandoned infrastructures with polyethylene conduits strategically
installed below or on top of the land surface of the existing right-
of-ways to transport a water delivery system to replenish our
reservoirs and reduce the impact of drought. (Reference - 2)
__________________________________________________________
Based on research obtained from the internet . .
Professional engineering firms suggest the right-of-way width for a
30 inch to 36 inch pipe diameter pipeline should be somewhere around 110 (feet).
According to calculations . . if the velocity of oil traveling in the
Keystone XL 36 inch diameter pipeline is 5.1 miles per hour, this
should deliver approximately 830,000 (42 gallon) barrels of crude
oil per day to refineries in Port Authur, Texas.
__________________________________________________________
Canada has 7% of the world's renewable freshwater.
If America has the opportunity to purchase water from Canada at a
fair price and utilize the Keystone Pipeline and the abandoned
railroad corridors to lay polyethylene conduits, we may be able to
help replenish our water reservoirs and help reduce the impact of
drought.
Fortunately, the Keystone Pipeline runs through Kansas,
Oklahoma, and Texas - THREE OF THE SEVEN STATES MOST
IMPACTED BY DROUGHT.
Under extreme drought conditions, a person will require one
gallon of water per day.
A 72 inch polyethylene conduit will flow 500,000 tons or 120,000,000
million gallons of water per day.
A hybrid process (A) (B) (C) utilizing a shared right-of way has the
combined capabilities to . .
(A) Transport - 830,000 (thousand) barrels of crude oil per day to
refineries in Port Arthur, Texas using a 36 inch diameter steel
pipeline.
(B) Transport - 120 million gallons of water per day to help
replenish our water reservoirs using (one) 72 inch polyethylene
conduit.
(C) Transport - 120 million gallons of water per day to help
replenish our water reservoirs using (one) 72 inch polyethylene
conduit.
Everyday that conduits (B) and (C) are in operation will help
America replenish our water reservoirs with 240 million gallons of
water.
Under extreme drought conditions, this will help supply the
essential life saving needs to . . 240 million people for one day.
(Please note: Conduits (B) and (C) are variables where smaller or
larger diameter conduits may be used contingent upon the
situation.)
Who will take these actions?
The governments of Canada and America.
Hopefully, if the merits of this cooperative process proves to be
successful, these actions could serve as an example to be
duplicated to strengthen the bonds of coexistence between states
and countries to help reduce the suffering of drought and climate
change.
Where will these actions be taken?
The Keystone Pipeline runs from the Western Canadian Sedimentary
Basin in Alberta to refineries in Illinois and Texas, and also to tank
farms and the oil pipeline distribution center in Cushing,
Oklahoma.
The proposed Keystone XL Pipeline (Phase IV) would essentially
duplicate the Phase 1 pipeline between Hardisty, Alberta, and
Steele City, Nebraska, with a shorter route and 36 inch diameter
pipe that would run through Baker, Montana to Steele City,
Nebraska.
What are other key benefits?
If this hybrid process becomes a reality, the monitoring and overview
of the infrastructure will overlap to make the total project a safer
operation.
What are the proposal’s costs?
OIL:
The original Keystone Pipeline cost USD $5.2 billion with the
Keystone XL expansion slated to cost approximately USD $7
billion.
The Keystone XL phase was expected to be completed by 2012 -
2013.
However, construction has been overtaken by events that has
generated controversy because of its routing over the top of the
Ogallala Aquifer in Nebraska.
_________________________________________________________
WATER:
The estimated cost of (one) 72 inch diameter polyethylene conduit
is $320 USD per lineal foot.
1/4 mile ='s $422,400 . . 1/2 mile ='s $844,800 . . 1 mile ='s $1,689,600
This cost does not factor in the cost and variables of freight and
labor associated with the application - which will fluctuate from
location to location.
Time line
The time line is contingent upon - whether we can set aside the
frivolity that drives us apart . . and act before the impacts of drought -
food - and water becomes irreversibly entrenched.
Related proposals
The challenge America and many other countries on Planet Earth
should seriously consider . . is . . if drought becomes entrenched,
how can we replenish our local, regional, and national reservoirs
to supply the essential water needs to our families at sustainable
levels.
Because of an unique set of circumstances . . this proposal titled,
"Oil / Water and Adaptation" is one option AMERICA should
seriously consider.
_________________________________________________________
AFRICA is experiencing devastating drought that requires a
perspective based on a completely different set of circumstances.
(Reference - 3)
* * *
Although Africa and America are on separate continents . . both
continents share the common denominator . . 'Thermodynamics'.
'Thermodynamics' will continue to trek north and greatly influence
the residual fall-out of drought, migration, and chaos!
References
(Reference - 1)
No rain for decades- Stand by for the ‘megadroughts’, scientists warn
(Reference - 2)
(Reference - 3)
By:
Johnnie Buttram
